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Problem solution · C++

Minimum Cost to Buy Apples II

Minimum Cost to Buy Apples II: a C++ solution using heap or priority queue. Learn the idea, check the complexity, and read the full code, with credit to Kamyu LeetCode Solutions.

Technique
Heap or priority queue
Source
Kamyu LeetCode Solutions
Length
106 lines
Start with the idea.

Try the problem first. If you get stuck, read the approach below, then write your own solution. The full code is at the bottom.

Approach

Heap or priority queue

For Minimum Cost to Buy Apples II, the implementation repeatedly takes the currently best candidate from a heap while inserting newly available choices.

  1. Define the priority key and whether the smallest or largest item should lead.
  2. Push each candidate when it becomes eligible.
  3. Discard stale entries when necessary and process the best live candidate.

Code notes

  • 106 lines of C++ from the credited upstream file minimum-cost-to-buy-apples-ii.cpp.
  • The implementation visibly relies on sequence storage, work queue.
  • 10 loop blocks detected.

Complexity

Count heap pushes and pops; each normally contributes a logarithmic factor in the heap size.

Check the problem constraints before deciding whether this complexity will pass.

Source

Code and credit

This code comes from Kamyu LeetCode Solutions by kamyu104 and is used under the MIT licence.

Open problem ↗Original source ↗
Full codeMinimum Cost to Buy Apples II · C++C++
Use this to learn the idea, then write your own version.
// Time:  O(n * (n + elogn))// Space: O(n + e) // dijkstra's algorithmclass Solution {public:    vector<int> minCost(int n, vector<int>& prices, vector<vector<int>>& roads) {        static const auto& INF = numeric_limits<int64_t>::max();         vector<vector<pair<int, int64_t>>> adj(2 * n);        const auto& dijkstra = [&](int start, int target) {            vector<int64_t> best(size(adj), INF);            best[start] = 0;            priority_queue<pair<int64_t, int>, vector<pair<int64_t, int>>, greater<pair<int64_t, int>>> min_heap;            min_heap.emplace(best[start], start);            while (!empty(min_heap)) {                const auto [curr, u] = min_heap.top(); min_heap.pop();                if (curr != best[u]) {                    continue;                }                if (u == target) {                    return curr;                }                for (const auto& [v, w] : adj[u]) {                    if (best[v] - curr <= w) {                        continue;                    }                    best[v] = curr + w;                    min_heap.emplace(best[v], v);                }            }            return INF;        };         for (const auto& r : roads) {            const auto u = r[0], v = r[1];            const int64_t c = r[2], t = r[3];            adj[u].emplace_back(v, c);            adj[v].emplace_back(u, c);            adj[u + n].emplace_back(v + n, c * t);            adj[v + n].emplace_back(u + n, c * t);        }        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {            adj[i].emplace_back(i + n , prices[i]);        }        vector<int> result(n);        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {            result[i] = dijkstra(i, i + n);        }        return result;    }}; // Time:  O(n * (n + elogn))// Space: O(n + e)// dijkstra's algorithmclass Solution2 {public:    vector<int> minCost(int n, vector<int>& prices, vector<vector<int>>& roads) {        static const auto& INF = numeric_limits<int64_t>::max();         vector<vector<vector<pair<int, int64_t>>>> adj(2, vector<vector<pair<int, int64_t>>>(n));        const auto& dijkstra = [&](const auto& adj, int start) {            vector<int64_t> best(size(adj), INF);            best[start] = 0;            priority_queue<pair<int64_t, int>, vector<pair<int64_t, int>>, greater<pair<int64_t, int>>> min_heap;            min_heap.emplace(best[start], start);            while (!empty(min_heap)) {                const auto [curr, u] = min_heap.top(); min_heap.pop();                if (curr != best[u]) {                    continue;                }                for (const auto& [v, w] : adj[u]) {                    if (best[v] - curr <= w) {                        continue;                    }                    best[v] = curr + w;                    min_heap.emplace(best[v], v);                }            }            return best;        };         for (const auto& r : roads) {            const auto u = r[0], v = r[1];            const int64_t c = r[2], t = r[3];            adj[0][u].emplace_back(v, c);            adj[0][v].emplace_back(u, c);            adj[1][u].emplace_back(v, c * t);            adj[1][v].emplace_back(u, c * t);        }        vector<int> result(n);        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {            vector<vector<int64_t>> dist = {dijkstra(adj[0], i), dijkstra(adj[1], i)};            int64_t mn = INF;            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {                if (dist[0][j] != INF && dist[1][j] != INF) {                    mn = min(mn, dist[0][j] + prices[j] + dist[1][j]);                }            }            result[i] = mn;        }        return result;    }};

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