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Problem solution · C++

Build Binary Expression Tree From Infix Expression

Build Binary Expression Tree From Infix Expression: a C++ solution using sliding window or two pointers. Learn the idea, check the complexity, and read the full code, with credit to walkccc LeetCode Solutions.

Technique
Sliding window or two pointers
Source
walkccc LeetCode Solutions
Length
52 lines
Start with the idea.

Try the problem first. If you get stuck, read the approach below, then write your own solution. The full code is at the bottom.

Approach

Sliding window or two pointers

For Build Binary Expression Tree From Infix Expression, the implementation maintains a moving interval and updates only the information that enters or leaves the window.

  1. Choose the invariant that makes a window valid or useful.
  2. Advance the right boundary and add the new element.
  3. Move the left boundary only as needed while maintaining the invariant and updating the answer.

Code notes

  • 52 lines of C++ from the credited upstream file 1597.cpp.
  • The implementation keeps its working state in language-native values and containers.
  • 4 loop blocks detected.

Complexity

Confirm that neither pointer moves backwards; if so, the scan is usually linear apart from the window’s data-structure operations.

Check the problem constraints before deciding whether this complexity will pass.

Source

Code and credit

This code comes from walkccc LeetCode Solutions by P.-Y. Chen (walkccc) and is used under the MIT licence.

Open problem ↗Original source ↗
Full codeBuild Binary Expression Tree From Infix Expression · C++C++
Use this to learn the idea, then write your own version.
class Solution { public:  Node* expTree(string s) {    stack<Node*> nodes;    stack<char> ops;  // [operators | parentheses]     for (const char c : s)      if (isdigit(c)) {        nodes.push(new Node(c));      } else if (c == '(') {        ops.push(c);      } else if (c == ')') {        while (ops.top() != '(')          nodes.push(buildNode(pop(ops), pop(nodes), pop(nodes)));        ops.pop();  // Remove '('.      } else if (c == '+' || c == '-' || c == '*' || c == '/') {        while (!ops.empty() && compare(ops.top(), c))          nodes.push(buildNode(pop(ops), pop(nodes), pop(nodes)));        ops.push(c);      }     while (!ops.empty())      nodes.push(buildNode(pop(ops), pop(nodes), pop(nodes)));     return nodes.top();  }  private:  Node* buildNode(char op, Node* right, Node* left) {    return new Node(op, left, right);  }   // Returns true if op1 is a operator and priority(op1) >= priority(op2).  bool compare(char op1, char op2) {    if (op1 == '(' || op1 == ')')      return false;    return op1 == '*' || op1 == '/' || op2 == '+' || op2 == '-';  }   char pop(stack<char>& ops) {    const char op = ops.top();    ops.pop();    return op;  }   Node* pop(stack<Node*>& nodes) {    Node* node = nodes.top();    nodes.pop();    return node;  }};

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