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Problem solution · C++

Count Substrings That Satisfy K-Constraint II

Count Substrings That Satisfy K-Constraint II: a C++ solution using sliding window or two pointers. Learn the idea, check the complexity, and read the full code, with credit to walkccc LeetCode Solutions.

Technique
Sliding window or two pointers
Source
walkccc LeetCode Solutions
Length
63 lines
Start with the idea.

Try the problem first. If you get stuck, read the approach below, then write your own solution. The full code is at the bottom.

Approach

Sliding window or two pointers

For Count Substrings That Satisfy K-Constraint II, the implementation maintains a moving interval and updates only the information that enters or leaves the window.

  1. Choose the invariant that makes a window valid or useful.
  2. Advance the right boundary and add the new element.
  3. Move the left boundary only as needed while maintaining the invariant and updating the answer.

Code notes

  • 63 lines of C++ from the credited upstream file 3261.cpp.
  • The implementation visibly relies on sequence storage.
  • 6 loop blocks detected.

Complexity

Confirm that neither pointer moves backwards; if so, the scan is usually linear apart from the window’s data-structure operations.

Check the problem constraints before deciding whether this complexity will pass.

Source

Code and credit

This code comes from walkccc LeetCode Solutions by P.-Y. Chen (walkccc) and is used under the MIT licence.

Open problem ↗Original source ↗
Full codeCount Substrings That Satisfy K-Constraint II · C++C++
Use this to learn the idea, then write your own version.
class Solution { public:  vector<long long> countKConstraintSubstrings(string s, int k,                                               vector<vector<int>>& queries) {    const int n = s.size();    vector<long long> ans;    vector<int> count(2);    // leftToRight[l] : = the maximum right index r s.t.s[l..r] is valid    vector<int> leftToRight(n);    // rightToLeft[r] := the minimum left index l s.t. s[l..r] is valid    vector<int> rightToLeft(n);    // prefix[i] := the number of valid substrings ending in [0..i - 1].    vector<long> prefix{0};     for (int l = 0, r = 0; r < n; ++r) {      ++count[s[r] - '0'];      while (count[0] > k && count[1] > k)        --count[s[l++] - '0'];      rightToLeft[r] = l;    }     count = vector<int>(2);     for (int l = n - 1, r = n - 1; l >= 0; --l) {      ++count[s[l] - '0'];      while (count[0] > k && count[1] > k)        --count[s[r--] - '0'];      leftToRight[l] = r;    }     for (int r = 0; r < n; ++r)      prefix.push_back(prefix.back() + r - rightToLeft[r] + 1);     for (const vector<int>& query : queries) {      const int l = query[0];      const int r = query[1];      long numValidSubstrings = 0;      if (r > leftToRight[l]) {        // If r is beyond leftToRight[l], compute the number of valid substrings        // from l to leftToRight[l] and add the number of valid substrings        // ending in [leftToRight[l] + 1..r].        //        // prefix[r + 1] := the number of valid substrings ending in [0..r].        // prefix[leftToRight[l] + 1] := the number of valid substrings ending        // in [0..leftToRight].        // => prefix[r + 1] - prefix[leftToRight[l] + 1] := the number of valid        // substrings ending in [leftToRight[l] + 1..r].        const int sz = leftToRight[l] - l + 1;        numValidSubstrings =            (sz * (sz + 1)) / 2 + (prefix[r + 1] - prefix[leftToRight[l] + 1]);      } else {        // If r is within the range of leftToRight[l], compute the number of        // valid substrings directly from l to r.        const int sz = r - l + 1;        numValidSubstrings = (sz * static_cast<long>(sz + 1)) / 2;      }      ans.push_back(numValidSubstrings);    }     return ans;  }};

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