Problem solution · C++

Implement Router

Implement Router: a C++ solution using breadth-first search. Learn the idea, check the complexity, and read the full code, with credit to walkccc LeetCode Solutions.

Technique
Breadth-first search
Source
walkccc LeetCode Solutions
Length
59 lines
Start with the idea.

Try the problem first. If you get stuck, read the approach below, then write your own solution. The full code is at the bottom.

Approach

Breadth-first search

For Implement Router, the implementation explores reachable states in layers, which is the standard shape for unweighted shortest paths and minimum-step transitions.

  1. Model each valid configuration as a state and each legal move as an edge.
  2. Seed the queue with the starting state and mark it immediately.
  3. Expand each state once, recording distance or reachability for unseen neighbours.

Code notes

  • 59 lines of C++ from the credited upstream file 3508.cpp.
  • The implementation visibly relies on sequence storage, ordered lookup, work queue, cached states.
  • No explicit loop blocks detected.

Complexity

Verify that each state and transition is processed only a bounded number of times; that determines the traversal cost.

Check the problem constraints before deciding whether this complexity will pass.

Source

Code and credit

This code comes from walkccc LeetCode Solutions by P.-Y. Chen (walkccc) and is used under the MIT licence.

Full codeImplement Router · C++C++
Use this to learn the idea, then write your own version.
struct Packet {  int source;  int destination;  int timestamp;   bool operator<(const Packet& other) const {    return source < other.source ||           (source == other.source && destination < other.destination) ||           (source == other.source && destination == other.destination &&            timestamp < other.timestamp);  }}; class Router { public:  Router(int memoryLimit) : memoryLimit(memoryLimit) {}   bool addPacket(int source, int destination, int timestamp) {    const Packet packet{source, destination, timestamp};    if (uniquePackets.find(packet) != uniquePackets.end())      return false;    if (packetQueue.size() == memoryLimit)      forwardPacket();    packetQueue.push(packet);    uniquePackets.insert(packet);    destinationTimestamps[destination].push_back(timestamp);    return true;  }   vector<int> forwardPacket() {    if (packetQueue.empty())      return {};    const Packet nextPacket = packetQueue.front();    packetQueue.pop();    uniquePackets.erase(nextPacket);    ++processedPacketIndex[nextPacket.destination];    return {nextPacket.source, nextPacket.destination, nextPacket.timestamp};  }   int getCount(int destination, int startTime, int endTime) {    if (destinationTimestamps.find(destination) == destinationTimestamps.end())      return 0;    const vector<int>& timestamps = destinationTimestamps[destination];    const int startIndex = processedPacketIndex[destination];    const auto lowerBound = lower_bound(timestamps.begin() + startIndex,                                        timestamps.end(), startTime);    const auto upperBound =        upper_bound(timestamps.begin() + startIndex, timestamps.end(), endTime);    return upperBound - lowerBound;  }  private:  const int memoryLimit;  set<Packet> uniquePackets;  queue<Packet> packetQueue;  map<int, vector<int>> destinationTimestamps;  map<int, int> processedPacketIndex;}; 

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