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Problem solution · C++

The Score of Students Solving Math Expression

The Score of Students Solving Math Expression: a C++ solution using dynamic programming. Learn the idea, check the complexity, and read the full code, with credit to walkccc LeetCode Solutions.

Technique
Dynamic programming
Source
walkccc LeetCode Solutions
Length
68 lines
Start with the idea.

Try the problem first. If you get stuck, read the approach below, then write your own solution. The full code is at the bottom.

Approach

Dynamic programming

For The Score of Students Solving Math Expression, the implementation records answers for smaller states and reuses them to build the requested result without repeating work.

  1. Define precisely what one DP state represents.
  2. Establish the base cases before transitions are evaluated.
  3. Process states in dependency order and combine only already-known values.

Code notes

  • 68 lines of C++ from the credited upstream file 2019.cpp.
  • The implementation visibly relies on sequence storage, hash lookup, cached states.
  • 9 loop blocks detected.

Complexity

Multiply the number of reachable states by the work performed for each transition, then include the stored state table in memory usage.

Check the problem constraints before deciding whether this complexity will pass.

Source

Code and credit

This code comes from walkccc LeetCode Solutions by P.-Y. Chen (walkccc) and is used under the MIT licence.

Open problem ↗Original source ↗
Full codeThe Score of Students Solving Math Expression · C++C++
Use this to learn the idea, then write your own version.
class Solution { public:  int scoreOfStudents(string s, vector<int>& answers) {    const int n = s.length() / 2 + 1;    const unordered_map<char, function<int(int, int)>> func{        {'+', plus<int>()}, {'*', multiplies<int>()}};    int ans = 0;    vector<vector<unordered_set<int>>> dp(n, vector<unordered_set<int>>(n));    unordered_map<int, int> count;     for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)      dp[i][i].insert(s[i * 2] - '0');     for (int d = 1; d < n; ++d)      for (int i = 0; i + d < n; ++i) {        const int j = i + d;        for (int k = i; k < j; ++k) {          const char op = s[k * 2 + 1];          for (const int a : dp[i][k])            for (const int b : dp[k + 1][j]) {              const int res = func.at(op)(a, b);              if (res <= 1000)                dp[i][j].insert(res);            }        }      }     const int correctAnswer = eval(s);     for (const int answer : answers)      ++count[answer];     for (const auto& [answer, freq] : count)      if (answer == correctAnswer)        ans += 5 * freq;      else if (dp[0][n - 1].contains(answer))        ans += 2 * freq;     return ans;  }  private:  int eval(const string& s) {    int ans = 0;    int prevNum = 0;    int currNum = 0;    char op = '+';     for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); ++i) {      const char c = s[i];      if (isdigit(c))        currNum = currNum * 10 + (c - '0');      if (!isdigit(c) || i == s.length() - 1) {        if (op == '+') {          ans += prevNum;          prevNum = currNum;        } else if (op == '*') {          prevNum = prevNum * currNum;        }        op = c;        currNum = 0;      }    }     return ans + prevNum;  }};

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